A Companion to World War I

A Companion to the First World War brings together an international team of distinguished historians who provide a series of original and thought-provoking essays on one of the most devastating events in modern history.* Comprises 38 essays by leading scholars who analyze the current state of historical scholarship on the First World War* Provides extensive coverage spanning the pre-war period, the military conflict, social, economic, political, and cultural developments, and the war's legacy* Offers original perspectives on themes as diverse as strategy and tactics, war crimes, science and technology, and the arts* Selected as a 2011 Outstanding Academic Title by CHOICE

List of Maps viiiNotes on Contributors ixEditor's Acknowledgments xvIntroduction xviJohn HornePART I ORIGINS 11 The War Imagined: 1890-1914 3Gerd Krumeich2 The War Explained: 1914 to the Present 19John F. V. KeigerPART II THE MILITARY CONFLICT 333 The War Experienced: Command, Strategy, and Tactics,1914-18 35Hew Strachan4 War in the West, 1914-16 49Holger H. Herwig5 War in the East and Balkans, 1914-18 66Dennis Showalter6 The Italian Front, 1915-18 82Giorgio Rochat7 The Turkish War, 1914-18 97Ulrich Trumpener8 The War in Africa 112David Killingray9 War in the West, 1917-18 127Robin Prior and Trevor Wilson10 The War at Sea 141Paul G. Halpern11 The War in the Air 156John H. Morrow, Jr.PART III FACES OF WAR 17112 Combat 173Stéphane Audoin-Rouzeau13 Combatants and Noncombatants: Atrocities, Massacres, and WarCrimes 188Alan Kramer14 War Aims and Neutrality 202Jean-Jacques Becker15 Industrial Mobilization and War Economies 217Theo Balderston16 Faith, Ideologies, and the "Cultures of War"234Annette Becker17 Demography 248Jay Winter18 Women and Men 263Susan R. Grayzel19 Public Opinion and Politics 279John Horne20 Military Medicine 295Sophie Delaporte21 Science and Technology 307Anne Rasmussen22 Intellectuals and Writers 323Christophe Prochasson23 The Visual Arts 338Annette Becker24 Film and the War 353Pierre SorlinPART IV STATES, NATIONS, AND EMPIRES 36925 Austria-Hungary and "Yugoslavia" 371Mark Cornwall26 Belgium 386Sophie de Schaepdrijver27 Britain and Ireland 403Adrian Gregory28 France 418Leonard V. Smith29 Germany 432Gerhard Hirschfeld30 German-Occupied Eastern Europe 447Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius31 Italy 464Antonio Gibelli32 Russia 479Eric Lohr33 The Ottoman Empire 494Hamit Bozarslan34 The United States 508Jennifer D. Keene35 The French and British Empires 524Robert Aldrich and Christopher HilliardPART V LEGACIES 54136 The Peace Settlement, 1919-39 543Carole Fink37 War after the War: Conflicts, 1919-23 558Peter Gatrell38 Mourning and Memory, 1919-45 576Laurence Van YperseleSelect Primary Sources 591Extended Bibliography 601Index 634