The Biobased Economy

The impending threats of catastrophic climate change and peak oil are driving our society towards increased use of biomass for energy, chemical compounds and other materials - the beginnings of a biobased economy. As alternative development models for the biobased economy emerge, we need to determine potential applications, their perspectives and possible impacts as well as policies that can steer technological and market development in such a way that our objectives are met. Currently, it is still far from clear what will be the most sustainable routes to follow, which technologies should be included, and how their development will affect, and be affected by, research, public opinion and policy and market forces. This groundbreaking work, edited by a group of leading researchers originally from Wageningen Agricultural University in the Netherlands, sets out to unpick the complex systems in play. It provides an illuminating framework for how policy and market players could and should drive the development of a biobased economy that is effective, sustainable, fair and cost efficient. Starting with a state-of-the-art overview of major biobased technologies, including biorefinery and technologies for the production of biofuels, biogas, biomass feedstocks for chemistry and bioplastics, it discusses how different actor groups interact through policy and markets. Information from case studies is used to demonstrate how the potential of the biobased economy in different parts of the world, such as North America, Europe, and emerging economies like China and Brazil can be realised using research, debate, policy and commercial development. The result is an essential resource for all those working in or concerned with biobased industries, their policy or research.

Section One ¿ Towards Sustainability1 General Introduction2 Transition Towards a Biobased Economy3 Challenges for Sustainable Development4 Principles of Plant Production5 Plant Breeding and its Role in a Biobased Economy6 Biomass AvailabilitySection Two ¿ Biomass Refining and ConversionIntroduction to Section II7 Biorefineries: Giving Value to Sustainable Biomass Use8 Plant Production of Chemical Building Blocks9 The Production of Chemicals in a Biobased Economy10 Advanced Biofuels from Lignocellulosic Biomass11 BiogasSection Three ¿ Actor InvolvementIntroduction to Section III12 Policy Making for the Biobased Economy13 Biobased Industrialization in Developing Countries14 Biobased Production Chains15 Biofuel Policies, Production, Trade and Land Use16 Public Debate on Sustainability of BiofuelsSection Four ¿ Transition in ActionIntroduction to Section IV17 Biodiesel from Brazil18 Biobased Products and Bioenergy in Germany19 Development of the Biobased Economy inCanada ¿ an overview20 A Biobased Economy for the Netherlands21 Synthesis